Question 1

From Small Molecules to Algorithmic Chemistry

Accepted Answer

Small molecule drugs typically operate through simple binding kinetics that lack logic-based control. They interact with receptors throughout the body, regardless of the specific disease state present.

Question 2

The Thermodynamics of Molecular Recognition

Accepted Answer

Molecular recognition is governed by the principles of thermodynamics, specifically the minimization of Gibbs free energy. Assemblers must possess high affinity for their targets to ensure effective binding.

Question 3

Structural Design Principles of DNA Scaffolds

Accepted Answer

The design of DNA scaffolds begins with defining the desired geometry of the molecular assembler. Engineers must account for the mechanical stresses the structure will face in the bloodstream.

Question 4

Actuation Mechanisms via Conformational Changes

Accepted Answer

Actuation in molecular assemblers is typically achieved through DNA strand displacement or environmental triggers. This allows the robot to perform a physical action, such as releasing a solvent.

Question 5

Eliminating Atherosclerosis via Localized Solvents

Accepted Answer

Atherosclerosis is characterized by the buildup of fats, cholesterol, and other substances in and on artery walls. This buildup, known as plaque, can restrict blood flow and lead to heart attacks.

Question 6

Targeted Oncology and the End of Systemic Toxicity

Accepted Answer

Traditional chemotherapy is often limited by its systemic toxicity, which harms both healthy and cancerous cells. Molecular assemblers offer a way to bypass this limitation through extreme targeting.

Question 7

The Collapse of the Chronic Management Market

Accepted Answer

The cardiovascular drug market, currently worth billions, is particularly vulnerable to the rise of molecular assemblers. Statins and blood pressure medications are designed for lifelong use, not cures.

Question 8

Ethical Considerations and the Future of Bio-Programmability

Accepted Answer

The idea of "machines in the blood" raises significant ethical and safety concerns among the general public. Transparency and education will be critical for the widespread adoption of these technologies.

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